緣在中文本指衣服的鑲邊.後來被中國人拿來翻成佛教的
Karma,即人生來不平等的
原因.這本是佛學的重大問題,不過梁任公把它簡稱為關係.總之,緣是拿一個和原本不相
關的東西來當做一個因和果的因.
若以中國人講關係的觀念, 就是把一個看沾到邊, 而實質無關的事, 扯來當原由
, 即為緣.故佛也講緣起緣滅.
實在說, 這在中國人古代的想法, 是沒必要而多餘的理解. 因為中國人以為原由
存在一個相關本身,而不外求.如同衣服的鑲邊並不是衣服.
佛教把心和物的形成用五種理由解釋.即無中生有也.
Utu Niyama - 事物和非生命的秩序
physical inorganic order, e.g. seasonal phenomena of
winds and rains. The unerring order of seasons, characteristic
seasonal changes and events, causes of winds and rains, nature of
heat, etc., all belong to this group.
Bija Niyama -有生命的種子和生機的秩序
order of germs and seeds (physical organic order), e.g.
rice produced from rice-seed, sugary taste from sugar-cane or honey,
peculiar characteristics of certain fruits, etc. The scientific theory
of cells and genes and the physical similarity of twins may be
ascribed to this order.
Karma Niyama -因和果的秩序
order of act and result, e.g., desirable and
undesirable acts produce corresponding good and bad results. As surely
as water seeks its own level so does Karma, given opportunity, produce
its inevitable result, not in the form of a reward or punishment but
as an innate sequence. This sequence of deed and effect is as natural
and necessary as the way of the sun and the moon.
Dhamma Niyama - 自然律,生死的秩序
order of the norm, e.g., the natural phenomena
occurring at the advent of a Bodhisattva in his last birth.
Gravitation and other similar laws of nature. The natural reason for
being good and so forth, may be included in this group.
Citta Niyama - 心和物,意識知覺的秩序
order or mind or psychic law, e.g., processes of
consciousness, arising and perishing of consciousness, constituents of
consciousness, power of mind, etc., including telepathy, telaesthesia,
retro-cognition, premonition, clairvoyance, clairaudience,
thought-reading and such other psychic phenomena which are
inexplicable to modern science.
原因.這本是佛學的重大問題,不過梁任公把它簡稱為關係.總之,緣是拿一個和原本不相
關的東西來當做一個因和果的因.
若以中國人講關係的觀念, 就是把一個看沾到邊, 而實質無關的事, 扯來當原由
, 即為緣.故佛也講緣起緣滅.
實在說, 這在中國人古代的想法, 是沒必要而多餘的理解. 因為中國人以為原由
存在一個相關本身,而不外求.如同衣服的鑲邊並不是衣服.
佛教把心和物的形成用五種理由解釋.即無中生有也.
Utu Niyama - 事物和非生命的秩序
physical inorganic order, e.g. seasonal phenomena of
winds and rains. The unerring order of seasons, characteristic
seasonal changes and events, causes of winds and rains, nature of
heat, etc., all belong to this group.
Bija Niyama -有生命的種子和生機的秩序
order of germs and seeds (physical organic order), e.g.
rice produced from rice-seed, sugary taste from sugar-cane or honey,
peculiar characteristics of certain fruits, etc. The scientific theory
of cells and genes and the physical similarity of twins may be
ascribed to this order.
Karma Niyama -因和果的秩序
order of act and result, e.g., desirable and
undesirable acts produce corresponding good and bad results. As surely
as water seeks its own level so does Karma, given opportunity, produce
its inevitable result, not in the form of a reward or punishment but
as an innate sequence. This sequence of deed and effect is as natural
and necessary as the way of the sun and the moon.
Dhamma Niyama - 自然律,生死的秩序
order of the norm, e.g., the natural phenomena
occurring at the advent of a Bodhisattva in his last birth.
Gravitation and other similar laws of nature. The natural reason for
being good and so forth, may be included in this group.
Citta Niyama - 心和物,意識知覺的秩序
order or mind or psychic law, e.g., processes of
consciousness, arising and perishing of consciousness, constituents of
consciousness, power of mind, etc., including telepathy, telaesthesia,
retro-cognition, premonition, clairvoyance, clairaudience,
thought-reading and such other psychic phenomena which are
inexplicable to modern science.
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